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In the case of the chimneypiece for the North Wing Room, the Restoration Team, led by architectural historian Mark Wenger, used a combination of physical evidence, documentary evidence, and, most importantly, the surviving ca. 1812 chimneypieces at Montpelier to design a conjectural chimneypiece for the room.  The small amount of physical evidence found on the surviving ca. 1812 chimney stack included information that helped to provide the overall size of the chimneypiece.  This evidence included the height of the ca. 1812 fireplace hearth and the width of the ca. 1812 hearth, both of which helpd to determine the overall width of the chimneypiece.

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Physical evidence found on the Madison-era fireplace in the North Wing Room.